Abstract:
1.1. Description of Pump

The force of gravity causes fluid to flow from place to place a relatively high lower. The potential energy is a form of energy that is contained by a substance. Fluid flow at high pressure have potential energy which is relatively higher when compared with the fluid flow at low pressure. Accordingly, fluid will flow from high pressure to low pressure place. This can be seen in the picture below. (Module PT. Candra Asri)
Much understanding about the pump but the best understanding of the pump is a machine used for the purpose of carrying a fluid or gas to a different place. [Alfa Laval Hand Book, page 5]. Pump is a machine that can add energy to the fluid pressure or liquid. By installing the pump, the fluid flow will be able to flow from lower place to relatively higher (Module PT. Candra Asri)
1.2. Classification of Pumps
Pump types possess two categories namely the dynamic (rotodynamic) and positive displacment (positive displacement). Alter the dynamic pump impeller rotation kinetic energy into speed (velocity) and pressure for pumping fluid. There are two types of dynamic pumps:
- Centrifugal pump is a pump that is very commonly used for pumping water in various industrial usage. Usually more than 75% of the pump is installed in an industry are centrifugal pumps. For this reason, the pump is further described below.
- Pumps with the special effects are mainly used for special conditions at industrial sites. Pumps that move a constant volume of fluid is called positive displacement pumps. Positive displacement pump the first time will attract a volume of fluid into the cylinder and then move the volume of the liquid out of the cylinder. Positive displacement pumps are widely used for pumping fluids other than water, usually viscous fluid. Positive displacement pump further classified based on how the displacement:
- Reciprocating Pump if done by the forward movement of the needle piston pullback. Reciprocating pump is used only for pumping viscous liquids and oil wells.
- Rotary Pump if the transfer done by the torque of a gear, cam or a propeller in a cubicle in a fixed casing. Subsequently classified as a rotary pump in gear, outer gear, lobe, and the propeller thrust etc. These pumps are used for special service with special conditions that exist at an industrial site.
Unlike centrifugal pumps, positive displacement pumps are:
- § Pump pressure
- § Ability to own mempriming
- § Operating on a range of suction lift 6.70 m
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Compressor and Pump design Sentrifugal.pdf
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